In PRECEDE-PROCEED, PRECEDE addresses which types of factors?

• A. Predisposing factors
• B. Reinforcing factors
• C. Enabling factors
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

The main idea is that planning with PRECEDE focuses on the three kinds of determinants that influence whether someone will adopt a behavior. Predisposing factors include knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and motivations that shape readiness to act. Enabling factors cover the skills, resources, access, and environmental barriers that make action possible. Reinforcing factors involve rewards, feedback, and social support that strengthen or weaken continued behavior. Because PRECEDE is used to diagnose these determinants before designing an intervention, it addresses all three types. The PROCEED part then takes those plans into implementation and evaluation.