What is the final step in the LOGIC model?

• A. Input
• B. Activities
• C. Outputs
• D. Impact

Answer: (D)

The LOGIC model traces how resources and activities lead to change, ending with long-term, population-level results. Inputs are the resources you invest, and Activities are what you do with them. Outputs are the tangible products or services delivered. After these, Outcomes capture the short- to intermediate-term changes in participants or systems. The final piece, Impact, represents the lasting effects you aim for in the community—long-term changes in health status, behaviors, or conditions that persist over time and influence the population as a whole. For example, a vaccination program may show outputs like vaccines administered, outcomes like higher vaccination coverage, and impact such as a sustained drop in disease incidence over years.